For the Defense
Defendant witnesses included spokesmen for the Tobacco Industry Research Committee (TIRC), Clarence Cook Little and Robert Hockett.
Also appearing were company executives such as Paul Hahn and Robert Heimann from American Tobacco.
Defendants also called recipients of tobacco research funding who were selected and coached by company lawyers. Many of these same witnesses appeared on behalf of the cigarette industry at Congressional Committee hearings and in other public relations roles.